Essay 1: Moomat, Moana
Te Ira, Kararaina. Māori. Aotearoa, New Zealand. “A Pounamu (greenstone) gift.” Oral teaching shared at Kuruvungna Springs Museum and Cultural Center, June 7, 2025.
PBS SoCal. “Rethinking the Coast With the Ti’at Society | Tending Nature | Season 2, Episode 1,” November 4, 2019. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aJSlv7KZmzA.
Yamashita, Todd, and Todd Yamashita. “Hikianalia Update | Oct 23, 2018: A Tongva Welcome Is Like No Other.” Hōkūleʻa, October 23, 2018. https://worldwidevoyage.hokulea.com/hikianalia-update-oct-23-2018-a-tongva-welcome-is-like-no-other/.
James Wharram Designs. “Lessons From the Stone Age Sailors - James Wharram Designs.” James Wharram Designs - Unique Self-build Sailing Catamarans, Inspired by the Double Canoes of the Polynesians, October 24, 2024. https://www.wharram.com/articles/lessons-from-the-stone-age-sailors/.
“Kuruvungna Sacred Springs | Santa Monica Conservancy,” n.d. https://smconservancy.org/property/kuruvungna-sacred-springs/.
Parks, California State. “Malibu Lagoon Chumash-Polynesian Connection.” California State Parks, n.d. https://www.parks.ca.gov/?page_id=24433.
Essay 2: Signs, Symbols, and Land Responsibilities
Atkin, Albert. “Peirce’s Theory of Signs.” Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy, October 13, 2006. https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/peirce-semiotics/.
Cooper, Karen Coody, and Nicolasa I. Sandoval. Living Homes for Cultural Expression: North American native perspectives on creating community museums. Washington, D.C: National Museum of the American Indian, Smithsonian Institution, 2006.
Kuruvungna Village Springs. Accessed August 30, 2026. https://kuruvungna.org/.
Ramos, Debra Cano. “Geologists Identify Rock Source of Native American Cogged Stones from Orange County.” CSUF News, February 5, 2025. https://news.fullerton.edu/2021/03/geologists-identify-rock-source-of-native-american-cogged-stones-from-orange-county/.
“Semiotics for Beginners: Signs.” Princeton University. Accessed August 30, 2026. https://www.cs.princeton.edu/~chazelle/courses/BIB/semio2.htm.
For more background on this Alabama series and a discussion of two photograph albums in the collection of the Prints and Photographs Division of the Library of Congress thought to beEvans’s “first draft” for Fortune, seeJudith Keller and Beverly Brannan, “Walker Evans: Two Albums in the Library of Congress,” History of Photography 19:1 (Spring 1995).
Essay 3: Lame Laws
U.S.C. Title 42 - THE PUBLIC HEALTH AND WELFARE. https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/USCODE-2010-title42/html/USCODE-2010-title42-chap21-subchapI-sec1996.htm. Accessed 1 Sept. 2026.
CA Pub Res Code § 5097.9 (2025)
Native American Graves Protection and Repatriation Act (U.S. National Park Service). https://www.nps.gov/subjects/nagpra/index.htm. Accessed 1 Sept. 2026.
Essay 4: Activism for Kuruvugna Springs
“A Brief History of the Springs Foundation.” Kuruvungna “A place where we are in the sun”: The Bulletin of the Gabrielino/Tongva Springs Foundation, Autumn 2003.
“We’re Tax-Exempt.” Kuruvungna “A place where we are in the sun”: The Bulletin of the Gabrielino/Tongva Springs Foundation, Winter 1996.
“CHL No. 522 Serra Springs - Los Angeles.” California Historic Landmarks. Accessed August 26, 2026. https://www.californiahistoricallandmarks.com/landmarks/chl-522
“California Historic Landmarks Registration.” California State Parks. Accessed August 26, 2026. https://ohp.parks.ca.gov/?page_id=21747
“Barrington Plaza Victory.” Kuruvungna “A place where we are in the sun”: The Bulletin of the Gabrielino/Tongva Springs Foundation, Winter 1994.
“Senate Bill Focused on Springs.” Kuruvungna “A place where we are in the sun”: The Bulletin of the Gabrielino/Tongva Springs Foundation, Summer 1998.
Bill Documents. Accessed August 26, 2026.
https://leginfo.public.ca.gov/cgi-bin/postquery
“Barrington Plaza Victory.”
Essay 5: Keeping Kuruvungna Alive
GTSF website and newsletter excerpts, 2026
The Broad / Getty PST ART, Social Forest: Oaks of Tovaangar
Surfrider Foundation, Kuruvungna stewardship
Jurmain and McCawley, O, My Ancestor, 2009
Smith, ed., Know We Are Here, 2023
LAND, Endless Wellspring, https://www.nomadicdivision.org/projects-and-programs/endless-wellspring, 2025
Photos and logo: GTSF, kuruvungna.org